Invasive Mussels Found in Montana Waters

Invasive Mussels Found in Montana Waters

The first evidence of zebra or quagga mussels has been found in the upper Missouri River basin in central Montana. In late 2016, water samples collected from Tiber Reservoir on the Marias River confirmed the presence of larvae of this invasive aquatic species. Samples from Canyon Ferry Reservoir on the Missouri River near Helena showed ?suspected? presence. These mussels pose a serious threat to the ecology of Montana?s waterways, as well as irrigation and municipal water systems. State authorities are developing a comprehensive response strategy to be in place prior to the next boating season to prevent further spread of the mussels.

zebra mussels

Zebra and quagga mussels originated in southern Russia and Ukraine, but have spread across Europe, Great Britain, and parts of North America. They are two of the most significant aquatic invasive species in the United States. Since 1998 when they were first detected in the Great Lakes, infestations have fundamentally changed the food web of the Great Lakes and cost utilities in that region hundreds of millions of dollars in damage and repairs.

Although zebra or quagga mussels had been found in the middle and lower Missouri drainage prior to this fall, there was no evidence these species occurred upstream in eastern or central Montana. The Columbia River basin, which includes portions of northwest Montana, is the only major watershed in the west still believed to be free of these invasive species. Finding zebra or quagga mussels in Tiber Reservoir puts them within a few-hours? drive of Flathead Lake, the largest natural freshwater lake in the conterminous states west of the Mississippi.

Dr. Tom Bansak, assistant director of the University of Montana?s Flathead Lake Biological Station said, ?This is a huge deal. We have been bracing ourselves for this for a long time and hoped it would never happen. Well, it?s here, it?s now, it?s real, and the only possible chance of getting rid of them is finding them early and in a localized area.?

 ?This is a huge deal. We have been bracing ourselves for this for a long time and hoped it would never happen. Well, it?s here, it?s now, it?s real, and the only possible chance of getting rid of them is finding them early and in a localized area.?

When the presence of larvae was detected in the upper Missouri River, Governor Steve Bullock declared a natural resources disaster and ordered formation of a Montana Mussel Response Team staffed by members from Montana Fish, Wildlife, and Parks, the Montana Invasive Species Advisory Council, and the Montana Department of Natural Resources Conservation, which has jurisdiction over state waters. The team made the decision to place temporary restrictions prohibiting the launch or removal of watercraft from the two reservoirs until ice over to prevent the spread of invasive mussels. It also prioritized the processing of water samples taken from 180 water bodies across the state. As of the end of December, no additional infestations were confirmed.

The Montana Mussel Response Team is working with state, local, and national entities and tribal governments to develop a strategy to contain and eliminate the threat. In a letter calling for unified action, Governor Bullock stated, ?This is likely our last opportunity to put in place, in time for the next boating season, the strongest practical safeguards to ensure we remain free of these enormously destructive invasive species, which could devastate our resources and our economy.?

Further information, including weekly updates on progress, is available online from the Montana Mussel Response Team.

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Photo Credit
USFWS Fish and Aquatic Conservation, Flickr
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January 13, 2017